python开发的小程序

Python是一种解释型、交互式、基于对象的编程语言，广泛应用于Web开发、数据分析、人工智能等领域。在Python中，我们可以使用各种库和框架来开发小程序，如tkinter、PyQt、wxPython等图形界面开发库。下面，我们将对一些常见的Python小程序进行介绍。

1. 计算器小程序

计算器是一个基础的小程序，我们可以使用Python的Tkinter库来完成界面开发和计算器的实现。这个小程序主要包含以下功能：

- 简单的算数运算，如加、减、乘、除等。

- 操作界面简单明了。

下面是代码示例：

```python

from tkinter import *

root = Tk()

root.title("简单计算器")

e = Entry(root, width=35, borderwidth=5)

e.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=3, padx=10, pady=10)

def button_click(number):

current = e.get()

e.delete(0, END)

e.insert(0, str(current) + str(number))

def button_clear():

e.delete(0, END)

def button_add():

first_number = e.get()

global f_num

global math

math = "addition"

f_num = int(first_number)

e.delete(0, END)

def button_equal():

second_number = e.get()

e.delete(0, END)

if math == "addition":

e.insert(0, f_num + int(second_number))

if math == "subtraction":

e.insert(0, f_num - int(second_number))

if math == "multiplication":

e.insert(0, f_num * int(second_number))

if math == "division":

e.insert(0, f_num / int(second_number))

def button_subtract():

first_number = e.get()

global f_num

global math

math = "subtraction"

f_num = int(first_number)

e.delete(0, END)

def button_multiply():

first_number = e.get()

global f_num

global math

math = "multiplication"

f_num = int(first_number)

e.delete(0, END)

def button_divide():

first_number = e.get()

global f_num

global math

math = "division"

f_num = int(first_number)

e.delete(0, END)

button_1 = Button(root, text="1", padx=40, pady=20, command=lambda: button_click(1))

button_2 = Button(root, text="2", padx=40, pady=20, command=lambda: button_click(2))

button_3 = Button(root, text="3", padx=40, pady=20, command=lambda: button_click(3))

button_4 = Button(root, text="4", padx=40, pady=20, command=lambda: button_click(4))

button_5 = Button(root, text="5", padx=40, pady=20, command=lambda: button_click(5))

button_6 = Button(root, text="6", padx=40, pady=20, command=lambda: button_click(6))

button_7 = Button(root, text="7", padx=40, pady=20, command=lambda: button_click(7))

button_8 = Button(root, text="8", padx=40, pady=20, command=lambda: button_click(8))

button_9 = Button(root, text="9", padx=40, pady=20, command=lambda: button_click(9))

button_0 = Button(root, text="0", padx=40, pady=20, command=lambda: button_click(0))

button_add = Button(root, text="+", padx=39, pady=20, command=button_add)

button_equal = Button(root, text="=", padx=91, pady=20, command=button_equal)

button_clear = Button(root, text="Clear", padx=79, pady=20, command=button_clear)

button_subtract = Button(root, text="-", padx=41, pady=20, command=button_subtract)

button_multiply = Button(root, text="*", padx=40, pady=20, command=button_multiply)

button_divide = Button(root, text="/", padx=41, pady=20, command=button_divide)

button_1.grid(row=3, column=0)

button_2.grid(row=3, column=1)

button_3.grid(row=3, column=2)

button_4.grid(row=2, column=0)

button_5.grid(row=2, column=1)

button_6.grid(row=2, column=2)

button_7.grid(row=1, column=0)

button_8.grid(row=1, column=1)

button_9.grid(row=1, column=2)

button_0.grid(row=4, column=0)

button_clear.grid(row=4, column=1, columnspan=2)

button_add.grid(row=5, column=0)

button_equal.grid(row=5, column=1, columnspan=2)

button_subtract.grid(row=6, column=0)

button_multiply.grid(row=6, column=1)

button_divide.grid(row=6, column=2)

root.mainloop()

```

2. 简单游戏小程序

Python还可以用于游戏开发。这里我们选择使用pygame这个库来开发一个简单的小游戏。这个小程序主要包含以下功能：

- 用户可以移动一个小球，尝试将其碰撞到墙壁或其他障碍上。

下面是代码示例：

```python

import pygame

# 初始化

pygame.init()

# 创建游戏窗口

win = pygame.display.set_mode((500, 500))

# 设置标题

pygame.display.set_caption("First Game")

# 坐标

x = 50

y = 50

# 宽高

width = 40

height = 60

# 速度

vel = 5

# 游戏循环

run = True

while run:

# 每帧长度和宽度

pygame.time.delay(100)

for event in pygame.event.get():

if event.type == pygame.QUIT:

run = False

# 获取按键状态

keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()

# 方向键控制小球运动

if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:

x -= vel

if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:

x += vel

if keys[pygame.K_UP]:

y -= vel

if keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:

y += vel

# 重新设置背景色

win.fill((0, 0, 0))

# 绘制小球

pygame.draw.rect(win, (255, 0, 0), (x, y, width, height))

pygame.display.update()

# 退出

pygame.quit()

```

以上是两个简单的Python小程序，Python在小程序开发方面有着广泛的应用，通过掌握Python的相关知识及库和框架的使用，我们可以开发出更加实用和有趣的小程序。